Chemicals are compounds that have different characteristics, where based on the phase they are liquid, gas and solid. Chemicals are also needed in our lives, even in the food we eat sometimes contain chemicals such as citric acid or MSG. But not all chemicals are toxic or negative because each chemical has different properties and benefits according to their individual needs. Chemicals commonly found in products such as floor cleaning detergents, perfumes, shampoos, dish soap and hand sanitizers. Chemicals have various properties and types. The following is an explanation of the nature and types of chemicals.
Chemical type
1. Acid
Acids are chemical compounds that contain highly reactive hydrogen ions. When an acidic compound is dissolved in water it will produce a low pH or below 7. Acidic compounds are widely used for experiments that apply acid-base reactions. Chemicals that have acidic properties can be very toxic and dangerous, if the tinsel is in low concentrations the acidic material will be safer. But sometimes in chemical experiments with high concentrations of acid compounds require extra caution, because these acidic compounds are considered very dangerous at high concentrations.
2. Base
Bases are chemical compounds that have the opposite properties of acids, where these base compounds contain hydroxide ions. When hydroxide meets hydrogen in an acid, it turns into water (H2O). For the rest of the acidic and basic ingredients will turn into salt. Base compounds are considered to have a higher pH value than acidic compounds.
3. Metal chemicals
Metal chemicals are chemicals composed of metal elements such as iron, aluminum, copper, gold and so on. Metal chemicals are usually used in the field of inorganic chemistry.
4. Hot reaction chemicals
There are two types of heat reactions, namely endothermic and exothermic reactions. Endothermic reactions are reactions that can absorb or require heat for the reaction to occur. Meanwhile, exothermic is a reaction that can occur spontaneously and generate heat. The reaction can involve certain chemicals such as chemicals that have heat resistance properties and also chemicals that are resistant to fire are endothermic materials.
5. Polymer
Polymers are chemicals made up of monomers joined together to form long chains. There are many forms of polymers. One simple example is starch which is a combination of glucose monomers.
Chemical properties
1. Flammable
The first chemical property is flammable, meaning that it is easy to ignite. One example is gasoline, where this one substance is a very flammable substance. If we understand that a substance has flammable properties, then we must be more careful when using the substance in everyday life.
2. Easy to rot
This chemical property can occur because of a chemical reaction. Usually occurs in drinks or food that can cause food and drinks to turn sour or rot. The cause of food or drink rotting is due to the presence of microorganisms such as fungi or bacteria. To avoid spoilage, you can do several ways. One of them is to preserve it. This method can prevent the rapid growth of micro-organisms in food. Some of the common techniques that people often use are smoking, cooling, drying, sweetening and salting.
3. Easy to explode
The third chemical property is explosive. Perhaps the occurrence of an explosion caused by the interaction of substances with oxygen in nature. One of the explosive chemicals is magnesium, sodium and hydrogen. An explosion is an increase in volume and releases harmful energy.
4. Rusty
The fourth chemical property is easy to rust or corrode, rusting occurs due to the reaction between metal and oxygen in an object. An object can be classified as an object that rusts easily with an object that cannot rust. Objects that rust easily are metals such as zinc or iron. while objects that can not rust are like glass and plastic. To avoid the occurrence of the chemical nature of rust, maybe the following things can help prevent the appearance of rust:
• Metal or iron should be coated with paint
• Grease metal surfaces with oil
5. Toxic
Some chemicals contain toxic substances, such as pesticides, fungicides, and herbicides. Toxic substances are usually used by humans to make rat or insect poison. You need to be careful even in small amounts, this toxic substance can cause poisoning in humans. Toxic substances can enter through the breath or through the skin.
Hope this article helps!